第十三章-SpringBoot 与安全

安全框架

• shiro
• Spring Security

认证 Authentication 建立用户，证明
授权 Authorization 访问权限

登录&认证&授权

依赖

 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

控制器

package com.example.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {
    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public String hello() {
        return "hello";
    }
}

访问http://localhost:8080/hello
没有登录会跳转到 /login

用户名：user
密码：控制台 Using generated security password

自定义用户名密码

application.properties

#自定义用户名和密码
spring.security.user.name=user
spring.security.user.password=1234567

配置认证和授权

package com.example.demo.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutSuccessHandler;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        //下面这两行配置表示在内存中配置了两个用户
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("admin").roles("admin").password("$2a$10$7yOhpFTiwfkZaLRaArPJDu.Si4oWwQKmPIcnzPOOgBwstxoEh4gaK")
                .and()
                .withUser("user").roles("user").password("$2a$10$YjknRoz.3BfTOVQZbcxgN.v5w.yLrOGY8glV.IvqSBUVy29C..vU6");
    }

    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        http.authorizeRequests()//开启登录配置
                .antMatchers("/hello").hasRole("admin")//表示访问 /hello 这个接口，需要具备 admin 这个角色
                .anyRequest().authenticated()//表示剩余的其他接口，登录之后就能访问
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                //定义登录页面，未登录时，访问一个需要登录之后才能访问的接口，会自动跳转到该页面
                .loginPage("/login")
                // 登录处理接口
                .loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")
                // 定义登录时，用户名的 key，默认为 username
                .usernameParameter("username")
                // 定义登录时，用户密码的 key，默认为 password
                .passwordParameter("password")
                //登录成功的处理器
                .successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
                        out.write("success");
                        out.flush();
                    }
                })
                .failureHandler(new AuthenticationFailureHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
                        out.write("fail");
                        out.flush();
                    }
                })
                .permitAll()//和表单登录相关的接口统统都直接通过
                .and()
                .logout()
                .logoutUrl("/logout")
                .logoutSuccessHandler(new LogoutSuccessHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
                        out.write("logout success");
                        out.flush();
                    }
                })
                .permitAll()
                .and()
                .httpBasic()
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();
    }

    // 忽略拦截
    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
        web.ignoring().antMatchers("/vercode");
    }

}

Bcrypt 密码验证测试

package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;


class SecurityDemoApplicationTests {

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        String rawPassword = "123456";

        // 加密
        BCryptPasswordEncoder encoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        String password = encoder.encode(rawPassword);
        System.out.println(password);

        // 比对
        String encodePassword = "$2a$10$7yOhpFTiwfkZaLRaArPJDu.Si4oWwQKmPIcnzPOOgBwstxoEh4gaK";
        boolean ret = encoder.matches(rawPassword, encodePassword);
        System.out.println(ret);
    }

}

常用配置

// 定制请求的授权规则
http.authorizeRequests()
        .antMatchers("/").permitAll()
        .antMatchers("/vip1/**").hasRole("VIP1")
        .antMatchers("/vip2/**").hasRole("VIP2")
        .antMatchers("/vip3/**").hasRole("VIP3");

// 开启登录功能  /login GET 去登录页，POST 提交登录数据
http.formLogin()

// 自定义登录页
http.formLogin().loginPage("/user-login");

// 自定义登录请求参数
http.formLogin()
    .usernameParameter("username")
    .passwordParameter("password")
    .loginPage("/user-login");

// 开启注销功能
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/")

// 记住我,将用户信息保存在cookie中
http.remenberMe();