模型的关联写入
模型
php
class User extends Model
{
protected $table = 'user';
// 一对多关联 Book 表
public function books()
{
return $this->hasMany(Book::class, 'user_id', 'id');
}
}
class Book extends Model
{
protected $table = 'book';
// 取消批量赋值限制
protected $guarded = [];
// 取消自动时间字段
// public $timestamps = false;
// 时间字段
public const CREATED_AT = 'create_time';
public const UPDATED_AT = 'update_time';
// 反向关联
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'user_id', 'id');
}
}关联写入
php
//先限定用户
$user = User::find(1);
//给这个用户关联的 book 新增一条记录
//user_id 会自动写入 19，title 自定义
$user->books()->save(new Book(['title'=>'《哈利波特》']));sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
insert into `book` (`title`, `user_id`, `update_time`, `create_time`) values (?, ?, ?, ?)批量新增
php
$user = User::find(1);
$user->books()->saveMany([
new Book(['title' => '《哈利波特》']),
new Book(['title' => '《指环王》'])
]);sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
insert into `book` (`title`, `user_id`, `update_time`, `create_time`) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
-- ["《哈利波特》",1,"2022-07-15 09:44:17","2022-07-15 09:44:17"]
insert into `book` (`title`, `user_id`, `update_time`, `create_time`) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
-- ["《指环王》",1,"2022-07-15 09:44:17","2022-07-15 09:44:17"]插入数组新增
php
$user = User::find(1);
$user->books()->create([ 'title' => '《哈利波特》']);sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- params: [1]
insert into `book` (`title`, `user_id`, `update_time`, `create_time`) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
-- params: ["《哈利波特》",1,"2022-07-15 09:48:14","2022-07-15 09:48:14"]批量插入数组
php
$user = User::find(1);
$user->books()->createMany([
['title' => '《哈利波特》'],
['title' => '《指环王》']
]);sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
insert into `book` (`title`, `user_id`, `update_time`, `create_time`) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
-- ["《哈利波特》",1,"2022-07-15 09:49:56","2022-07-15 09:49:56"]
insert into `book` (`title`, `user_id`, `update_time`, `create_time`) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
-- ["《指环王》",1,"2022-07-15 09:49:56","2022-07-15 09:49:56"]PS:还有 findOrNew、firstOrNew、firstOrCreate 和 updateOrCreate 方法
区别：
- new 没有保存到数据库，没有id
- create 会保存到数据库，有id
findOrNew
php
$user = User::find(1);
return $user->books()->findOrNew(20);json
{
"user_id": 1
}sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
select * from `book` where `book`.`user_id` = ? and `book`.`user_id` is not null and `book`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1,20]firstOrNew
php
$user = User::find(1);
return $user->books()->firstOrNew([
'title' => '《哈利波特》'
]);json
{
"id": 3,
"user_id": 1,
"title": "《哈利波特》",
"create_time": "2022-07-15T01:43:21.000000Z",
"update_time": "2022-07-15T01:43:21.000000Z",
"delete_time": null
}sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
select * from `book` where `book`.`user_id` = ? and `book`.`user_id` is not null and (`title` = ?) limit 1
-- [1,"《哈利波特》"]firstOrCreate
php
$user = User::find(1);
return $user->books()->firstOrCreate([
'title' => '《西游记》'
]);json
{
"title": "《西游记》",
"user_id": 1,
"update_time": "2022-07-15T01:56:00.000000Z",
"create_time": "2022-07-15T01:56:00.000000Z",
"id": 9
}sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
select * from `book` where `book`.`user_id` = ? and `book`.`user_id` is not null and (`title` = ?) limit 1
-- [1,"《西游记》"]
insert into `book` (`title`, `user_id`, `update_time`, `create_time`) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
-- ["《西游记》",1,"2022-07-15 09:56:00","2022-07-15 09:56:00"]updateOrCreate
php
$user = User::find(1);
return $user->books()->updateOrCreate([
'title' => '《水浒传》'
], [
'delete_time' => '2022-07-15 10:00:13'
]);json
{
"id": 10,
"user_id": 1,
"title": "《水浒传》",
"create_time": "2022-07-15T02:00:13.000000Z",
"update_time": "2022-07-15T02:05:02.000000Z",
"delete_time": "2022-07-15 10:00:13"
}sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
select * from `book` where `book`.`user_id` = ? and `book`.`user_id` is not null and (`title` = ?) limit 1
-- [1,"《水浒传》"]
update `book` set `delete_time` = ?, `book`.`update_time` = ? where `id` = ?
-- ["2022-07-15 10:00:13","2022-07-15 10:05:02",10]关联删除
php
// 删除 user_id=19 的书
$user = User::find(99);
$user->books()->delete();sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
delete from `book` where `book`.`user_id` = ? and `book`.`user_id` is not null
-- [1]关联修改
php
// 修改 user_id=19 的书
$user = User::find(1);
$user->books()->update(['title'=> '《修改书籍》'])sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
update `book` set `title` = ?, `book`.`update_time` = ? where `book`.`user_id` = ? and `book`.`user_id` is not null
-- ["《修改书籍》","2022-07-15 10:09:08",1]修改关联的外键
php
// 修改掉书籍关联的用户，即:user_id 修改，换用户
$user = User::find(2);
$book = Book::find(1);
$book->user()->associate($user);
$book->save();sql
select * from `user` where `user`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [2]
select * from `book` where `book`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
update `book` set `user_id` = ?, `book`.`update_time` = ? where `id` = ?
-- [2,"2022-07-15 10:11:31",1]php
// PS:如果想取消一本书的拥有者，
// 比如将 user_id 设置为 null，字段要设置可以 null;
$book = Book::find(1);
$book->user()->dissociate();
$book->save();sql
select * from `book` where `book`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
update `book` set `user_id` = ?, `book`.`update_time` = ? where `id` = ?
-- [null,"2022-07-15 10:13:34",1]默认模型
搜索书籍的对应用户的时候，空null字段会导致用户出现null数据
采用空对象默认模型的方式，去解决这个问题
php
//Book.php
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'user_id', 'id')
->withDefault([
'id' => 0,
'name' => '游客用户'
]);
}php
$book = Book::find(1);
$book->load(['user']);
return $book;json
{
"id": 1,
"user_id": null,
"title": "《三国演义》",
"create_time": "2022-07-15T02:10:44.000000Z",
"update_time": "2022-07-15T02:13:34.000000Z",
"delete_time": null,
"user": {
"id": 0,
"name": "游客用户"
}
}sql
select * from `book` where `book`.`id` = ? limit 1
-- [1]
select * from `user` where 0 = 1
-- []