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安装mysql ​

4.1、通过RPM安装mysql ​

rpm Red-Hat package manager 管理和安装软件的工具

bash
# 查询当前系统中安装的所有软件
rpm -qa 

# 按照名称查询安装的软件
rpm -qa | grep mysql
rpm -qa | grep mariadb

# 卸载软件
# rpm -e --nodeps [软件名称]
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb

说明：如果centos自带了mariadb，需要卸载之后再安装mysql

下载 MySQL Community Server

查看系统版本

bash
# 红帽 7版本
$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

选项：

Product Version: 8.0.30
Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
OS Version: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)

下载

RPM Bundle (mysql-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar)
bash
# mysql-5.7
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

# 拷贝到docker
$ docker cp  mysql-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar centos7.2:/usr/local

# mysql-8.0
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

$ docker cp mysql-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar centos7.3:/usr/local/

解压

bash
mkdir /usr/local/mysql-8.0.30
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /usr/local/mysql-8.0.30

mysql-5.7.39 解压后文件

bash
mysql-community-client-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-8.0.31 解压后文件

bash
mysql-community-client-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-debuginfo-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-debuginfo-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debuginfo-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-debugsource-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-debuginfo-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debug-debuginfo-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-debuginfo-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-debuginfo-8.0.31-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

yum自动安装rpm包 ​

文档：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-rpm.html

bash
# 5.7安装
yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*

# 查看所有文件
rpm -qpl mysql-community-server-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 8.0安装
yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs,icu-data-files}-*

手动安装rpm ​

mysql-5.7安装顺序

bash
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# yum install net-tools
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-8.0 安装顺序:

在Linux上安装MySQL

4.2、通过Yum安装mysql ​

文档

MySQL Yum Repository下载地址

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

安装步骤

bash
# 下载MySQL Yum repository 
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

# Adding the MySQL Yum Repository
yum install mysql80-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

# 
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/

# check that the MySQL Yum repository
yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

# (EL8 systems only) Disabling the Default MySQL Module
yum module disable mysql

# Installing MySQL
yum install mysql-community-server

4.3、启动MySQL ​

通过systemctl管理mysql服务

bash
# 启动
systemctl start mysqld

# 查看状态
systemctl status mysqld

# 关闭
systemctl stop mysqld

# 检查是否开机启动
systemctl is-enabled mysqld

# 开机启动
systemctl enable mysqld

4.4、重置密码 ​

bash
# 查看初始密码
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

# 或者
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep 'temporary password'

# 登录
mysql -uroot -p

# 重置密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

密码要求

  • one uppercase letter 一个大写字母
  • one lowercase letter 一个小写字母
  • one digit 一个数字
  • and one special character 一个特殊字符
  • and that the total password length is at least 8 characters 总长度至少8个字符

查看mysql进程

bash
# 查看已启动的服务 net-tools
netstat -tunlp

netstat -tunlp |grep mysql

# 查看进程
ps -ef | grep mysql

设置密码和访问权限

sql
-- 查看密码校验参数
show variables like 'validate_password%';

-- 修改密码复杂度限制参数
set global validate_password_policy = LOW;
set global validate_password_length = 6;

-- 设置root密码
set password = password('123456');

-- 开启访问权限
grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;

创建数据库和用户

sql
-- 创建数据库
create database db_data;

-- 创建用户
create user 'user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

-- 授权访问
grant all on user.* to 'db_data'@'%';