Coding Tree

外观

python socket 网络编程 ​

请求报文

shell
请求头
空行
请求体

示例

shell
GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
Host: www.xxx.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0

id=1&age=1

响应报文

shell
状态行
空行
消息体

示例

shell
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Server: nginx
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Type: text/html

简易服务器

shell
python -m http.server 8000

Echo示例 ​

服务端

python
"""
server.py
服务端
"""

import socket

def main():
    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
        s.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8080))
        s.listen()
        conn, addr = s.accept()
        with conn:
            print('Connected by', addr)
            while True:
                data = conn.recv(1024)
                if not data:
                    break
                conn.sendall(data)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

运行

shell
$ python server.py
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 65042)

使用netcat作为客户端来测试服务端代码

shell
nc 127.0.0.1 8080
hello
hello

客户端

python
"""
client.py
客户端
"""
import socket


def main():
    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
        s.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8080))
        s.sendall(b"hello world")
        data = s.recv(1024)
        print(data)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

运行

shell
$ python server.py
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 65042)

$ python client.py
b'hello world'

多线程处理并发问题 ​

客户端不需要修改，修改服务端代码，增加多线程处理客户端请求

python
"""
服务端
"""

import socket
import threading


def handle_client(client, addr):
    print('Connected by', addr)
    with client:
        while True:
            data = client.recv(1024)
            if not data:
                break
            client.sendall(data)


def main():
    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
        s.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8080))
        s.listen()
        while True:
            client, addr = s.accept()
            print(dir(client))
            t = threading.Thread(target=handle_client, args=(client, addr))
            t.start()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

现在可以同时处理多个客户端请求

shell
# 客户端1
$ nc 127.0.0.1 8080
hello
hello


# 客户端2
$ nc 127.0.0.1 8080
hello
hello

实现简易HTTP服务 ​

代码实现

python
"""
服务端
"""

import socket


def handle_client(client, addr):
    print('Connected by', addr)
    with client:
        data = client.recv(1024)
        print(data.split(b"\r\n")[0].decode("utf-8"))
        client.sendall(b"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/html\r\n\r\nhello")


def main():
    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
        s.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8081))
        s.listen()
        while True:
            client, addr = s.accept()
            handle_client(client, addr)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

访问

shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:8081/
hello